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| 1975 |
| | | Astronauts Tom Stafford and Aleksei Leonov shake hands when their Apollo and Soyuz craft successfully dock in space | |
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| 1975 |
| | | Excavation of the 5200-year-old passage grave at Newgrange in Ireland is completed | |
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| 1976 |
| | | Mary Leakey and her team find footprints, about 3.6 million years old, of bipedal hominids walking upright at Laetoli in Tanzania | |
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| 1976 |
| | | The landing section of the US spacecraft Viking 1 detaches from the orbiter and makes a successful landing on Mars | |
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| 1976 |
| | | 333 days after leaving Earth, the landing section of the US spacecraft Viking 2 touches down on Mars and begins sending back photographs | |
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| c. 1977 |
| | | Royal tombs are excavated at Vergina, in Macedonia, probably including that of Philip of Macedon | |
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| 1977 |
| | | Steven Spielberg writes and directs an inflential science fiction movie, Close Encounters of the Third Kind | |
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| 1977 |
| | | George Lucas writes and directs a science fantasy, Star Wars, launching a narrative that will be expanded in a further five films | |
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| 1978 |
| | | Douglas Adams creates Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy as a science fiction comedy series for BBC's Radio 4 | |
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| 1978 |
| | | Louise Brown, born in England, is the first test-tube baby, having been conceived by IVF (In vitro fertilization) | |
|  | Collecting eggs for IVF
Wellcome Library, London
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